International Review of Ophthalmology ›› 2024, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (1): 64-68.doi: 10.3760/ cma.j.issn.1673-5803.2024.01.013

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Characterization and clinical significance of hyperreflective retinal spots as OCT biomarkers in retinal diseases

Meng Yan, Chen Wei, Chen Yixun, Zhao Lijuan, Ji Min, Guan Huaijin   

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University,  Nantong Jiangsu 226001, China
  • Received:2023-11-18 Online:2024-02-25 Published:2024-02-28
  • Contact: Guan Huaijin, Email: guanhjeye@163.com
  • Supported by:
     National Natural Science Foundation of China (82171038); Research Project of Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission (M2021084); Nantong Science and Technology Project (MS22022020); Nantong Municipal Health Commission Project (NTCXTD41)　　

Abstract: Among the retina and choroid layers in OCT, many biomarkers have been found, and hyperreflective retinal spots (HRS) are the most prominent. It is defined as a small bright spot with a clear boundary, no posterior projection, a diameter of less than or equal to 30 μm, and a reflectivity greater than or equal to that of the RPE layer. Its origin has not been precisely determined. Increasing evidence shows that the histopathological correlates of HRS are not singular, and there is a relationship between migrating retinal pigment epithelium cells, lipophilic macrophages, microglia, and exudative protein or lipid substances. This article reviews the imaging characteristics, clinical characteristics, and clinical treatment of HRS. (Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2024, 48: 64-68)

Key words: hyperreflective retinal spots, OCT, retinopathy